https://mpsciences.com/2021/02/15/science-supplies-for-students/
Before making the PCR reaction or cloning test or DNA sequencing, it is essential to have a high-quality DNA that is free of contaminants, such as debris, proteins and RNA. The process of purifying DNA is known as DNA isolation and is one of the most important steps in molecular biology. In this article, you’ll discover the fundamentals of DNA purification as well as how to improve your DNA extraction processes for more efficient results.
The initial step in the DNA purification procedure is to prepare a solution containing an emulsion of alkaline buffer and water. This buffer makes DNA soluble and it can be easily separated from other components in the sample. Once the DNA has been placed in an alkaline solution and a water solution, it is treated with detergents and Chaotropics salts in order to break up the cell membranes and nuclei. This releases the DNA. RNase is also added to remove any contaminating RNA from the sample.
DNA is then separated from other cellular components like proteins and lipids using organic solvents like chloroform and phenol. Once the DNA is removed from lipids or proteins, it can be precipitated with ethanol or ruby alcohol.
Spectrophotometry and Gel Electrophoresis can be used to determine the quality of DNA. A good quality DNA sample should have an absorbance range of 260 nm and 280 nm.
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