Data communication is crucial to our ever-growing digital world. Understanding how various modes of data transmission work is crucial to creating reliable and efficient networks. Different methods determine the way data is transmitted.
To efficiently transfer data the hardware in a data communication circuit employs a variety of methods like multiplexing and demultiplexing, which are processes that combine and separate signals into composite ones for transmission, and then back into the individual components. This maximizes the utilization of bandwidth and decreases the cost. Error detecting code and signal amplifiers reduce data corruption due to electromagnetic disturbances or other noise which can alter bits of data when they travel through the communication channel.
Data communications also come with an array (protocol) of rules which are followed by the computers used by the sender and the receiver. These rules ensure that the message will be recognized and understood correctly.
The sender can be a computer or another device that generates the message and transmits it. It may be in the form text, numbers, pictures or even videos. The device or computer that receives a message can be the same or different from the one that sent it. The transmission medium is the physical way from the sender to the receiver. It could be a wired medium, such as twisted pair wire, fiber optic cable or wireless like radio waves or microwaves.
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